"Thou Hast Given Him Dominion"
God's Plan for Man within Creation
By Most Reverend Raymond L. Burke
Bishop of La Crosse, Wisconsin



Farming is at the foundation of society in providing food and clothing for us, and it needs to be carried out by those who have responsibility not only for their own family and home but also a sense of responsibility in the community.

So the Church always has believed that agriculture was best carried out by God-fearing families who have a sense of the destination of the goods produced through agriculture - that common good provided for the farmers themselves and also for the whole community. The Church also has understood that it's not good for this service - which is the foundation of life in the world - to be concentrated in the hands of a few individuals.

The trouble with that isn't that a few individuals are involved, it's that there is a tremendous susceptibility to see agriculture as only business instead of as both business and stewardship. As a result, the elements of creation that are cared for in agriculture are no longer seen as gifts from God to be stewarded for the benefit of all. Rather they are seen as commercial enterprises to be developed for the greatest possible profit.

That is avoided when you have the land, the plants, and the animals in the hands of a great number of people who have a sense of responsibility for the community.

In the gospel this relates to the whole notion of stewardship. Creation is placed in our hands, for a time, for us to care for and develop for the common good. Logically, if God says the care of the earth is given over to man, how does he do that except through families? Everything that God gives us is given through the family, and by way of the family. This most fundamental of work and service is entrusted to individuals, so it may be a single person, but that person is still related to a family.

Think of the gospel of life. Supporting life from the moment of conception comes through such basic things as nutrition. The parents are those in charge of the care of human life, and so are deeply concerned that the mother eats good things while she is carrying the child. And once born, that the child eats healthily. So the concern for agriculture goes directly to respect for human life.

If we agree that the most precious gift which God has given to us is life - created after his own image and likeness, life destined for eternity - then we're going to be deeply concerned about how that life is nurtured physically. So enters the whole question of agriculture. Right now there are a lot of suspicions regarding how the overuse of antibiotics for the treatment of animals and grains is affecting mothers and infants and children.

THE ECONOMIC DIMENSION

Economically, it is predicted that the disappearance of the family farm would leave agriculture in the hands of three to five multi-national corporations. This could have a deleterious effect on the prices charged for foodstuffs.

So you could end up with a kind of tyranny over something that is essential for life. It would be one thing if you said all of baseball is in the hands of one or two people who controlled it in a way that is harmful. We don't need baseball to live, so you may say, "Fine, we're going to give up baseball."

But you have to eat and clothe yourself. In our absolute dependency on the individuals who produce them, you could pray and hope that they will be very high-minded and concerned about the common good. But that is not normally the way it works. The bottom line concern of big business is the bottom line.

That's why I don't like the word agribusiness. Agriculture is more than just a business. The Latin derivation of the word agriculture is "the care of the field" - cultura agri. That's entirely different. You're caring for something else, namely God's creation, and for his people to whom he has given all these wonderful foods.

The whole point about the family farm is that you have people from the local community who have children themselves, who feel a close bond to their neighbors, and so are deeply concerned to produce a product that's really good for their own children, and for their neighbors. They take pride in doing that.

THE SPIRITUAL DIMENSION

Spiritually, it is very serious if we give up completely the stewardship of the land, the crops, and the herds. This is a sacred responsibility which God has given into the hands of all. Even though we're not all farmers, there are a certain number who are carrying out this work on behalf of us all. If we sellout that responsibility, we have put it into the hands of someone else. Then, spiritually, we're responsible for whatever happens. It's our doing because we have given up the responsibility. That's why I say to farmers, "Don't quit, don't give into this," because it's clear in Scripture what God intends. That's very serious.

Christ among us invites us to be clear about the noble work of agriculture and to make, with him, the sacrifice necessary to follow God's plan, overcoming the temptations to pride and greed which so easily enter into the care of the fields and the animals.

Christ within us teaches us that we are responsible for the care of creation and cannot abdicate our responsibilities because we are tired of fighting what are called inevitable economic trends. Yes, the obstacles to promoting sustainable agriculture are formidable. But they are ours to overcome.

- - - - - - -
Bishop Raymond L. Burke served two terms (1996 - 2001) as board president of the National Catholic Rural Life Conference. He was educated at Holy Cross Seminary, in La Crosse, Wisconsin; Catholic University of America, in Washington, D.C.; and North American College and Gregorian University, in Rome. He was ordained a priest in 1975, and became bishop of La Crosse 20 years later.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
(Editor's note: on Bishop Burke is now an Archbishop and Prefect of the Apostolic Signatura.)

This article originally appeared in the July-August 2001 edition of Catholic Answer's Be magazine. Used with permission. For a wealth of apologetic materials, check out Catholic Answers website at www.catholic.com